Chapter 1 Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence
Concept 1 Low Level of Economic Development Under Colonial Rule Low level of economic development under colonial rule Before the advent of British rule , Indian economy was c...
Chapter 2 Indian economy (1950-1990) class 12th Commerce
Concept Introduction Economic system refers to the arrangement by which central problem of an economy are solved … What to Produce How to produce Whom to produce ...
Chapter 3 Liberalization, privatization and globalization: An appraisal class 12th Commerce
Reasons for economic reforms Poor performance of public sector Inflationary pressure Deficit in balance of payment Fall in foreign exchange reserves Huge burden of de...
Chapter 4 Poverty class 12th Commerce
Who are Poor? Poors in urban areas In urban areas, poor people include ragpickers, beggars etc. They resides in the kutcha house with walls made of baked mud and roofs of gra...
Chapter 5 Human capital formation class 12th Commerce
The development of human resources means increase in the quality of human beings, which helps in the process of growth and development of the economy. Â Physical Capital: ...
Chapter 6 Rural development class 12th Commerce
 Introduction & Meaning of Rural Development MEANING OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT Rural development refers to continuous and comprehensive socio-economic process, attempting to ...
Chapter 7 Employment: Growth, Informalization and other Issues class 12th Commerce
Introduction Employment is an activity from which a person earn means of livelihood. Each and every working person have their contribution to national income in various economic...
Chapter 8 - Infrastructure class 12th Commerce
Meaning of Infrastructure Infrastructure refers to all such activities services and facilities which are needed to provide different kind of service in an economy. Â Type...
Chapter 9 - Environment and sustainable development class 12th Commerce
Meaning of Environment Environment is the sum total of external forces which surrounds us. Â Provide resources for production Provides resources for production: Enviro...
Chapter 10 - Comparative Development experience of India and its Neighbors class 12th Commerce
Development Path of India , Pakistan and China India , Pakistan and China have many similarities in their developmental strategies. All the three nations started their dev...
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